不同性别超重及肥胖人群最大摄氧量及其与身体成分的相关性研究-现代医学

不同性别超重及肥胖人群最大摄氧量及其与身体成分的相关性研究

单位：绵阳市中心医院全科医学科, 四川绵阳 621000

分类号：R589.2

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2026·54·第七期（1165-1171）

摘要：

目的：探讨不同性别超重及肥胖人群最大摄氧量(VO₂max)与身体成分(BC)间的相关性。方法：选取2024年12月至2025年8月在绵阳市中心医院接受体适能检测的超重及肥胖者为调查对象，根据受试者性别，分为男性超重及肥胖组(n=311)和女性超重及肥胖组(n=346)。运用运动心肺功能测试仪测定受试者的VO₂max；人体成分分析仪测定受试者的BC。通过Pearson相关性分析、多元逐步线性回归探究不同性别VO₂max与BC各指标值之间的关系。结果：共纳入受试者657例，男311例，女346例。男性超重及肥胖者的身体总水分、蛋白质、无机盐、肌肉量、内脏脂肪面积及VO₂max均高于女性超重及肥胖者(均P＜0.05)，女性超重及肥胖者体脂肪量及体脂率均高于男性超重及肥胖者(均P＜0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示，男性超重及肥胖者的VO₂max与体脂率、体脂肪量、内脏脂肪面积、腰臀脂肪比率(WHR)、BMI和体质量均呈负相关(均P＜0.05)；女性超重及肥胖者的VO₂max与内脏脂肪面积、体脂率、WHR、体脂肪量、BMI、体质量和年龄均呈负相关(均P＜0.05)。多元逐步线性回归显示，体脂率(β=-0.443,P＜0.05)和骨骼肌肉量(β=0.107,P＜0.05)是男性超重及肥胖人群VO₂max的独立影响因素，内脏脂肪面积(β=-0.134,P＜0.05)和躯干肌肉量(β=0.184,P＜0.05)是女性超重及肥胖人群VO₂max的独立影响因素。结论：超重及肥胖人群不同性别间VO₂max和BC存在差异。脂肪指标对超重及肥胖人群VO₂max具有负面影响，肌肉指标对超重及肥胖人群VO₂max具有积极影响。

Objective: To explore the correlations between maximal oxygen uptake(VO₂max) and body composition(BC) among overweight and obese populations of different genders. Methods: Overweight and obese individuals who received physical fitness tests at Mianyang Central Hospital from December 2024 to August 2025 were enrolled as research subjects. Subjects were divided into male overweight/obese group(n=311) and female overweight/obese group(n=346) according to gender. VO₂max was measured by a cardiopulmonary exercise testing system, and BC indicators were detected via a body composition analyzer. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple stepwise linear regression were adopted to investigate the relationships between VO₂max and various BC indicators by gender. Results: A total of 657 participants were included, consisting of 311 males and 346 females. Total body water, protein, mineral content, skeletal muscle mass, visceral fat area and VO₂max were significantly higher in overweight/obese males than those in females(all P<0.05), while fat mass and body fat percentage were significantly higher in overweight/obese females(P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed that VO₂max was negatively correlated with body fat percentage, fat mass, visceral fat area, waist-to-hip ratio(WHR) and body mass index(BMI) in overweight/obese males(all P<0.05). For overweight/obese females, VO₂max was negatively correlated with visceral fat area, body fat percentage, WHR, fat mass, BMI, body weight and age(all P<0.05). Multiple stepwise linear regression demonstrated that body fat percentage(β=-0.443, P<0.05) and skeletal muscle mass(β=0.107,P<0.05) were independent influencing factors of VO₂max in overweight/obese males. Visceral fat area(β=-0.134, P<0.05) and trunk muscle mass(β=0.184, P<0.05) independently predicted VO₂max in overweight/obese females. Conclusion: There are gender differences in VO₂max and body composition among overweight and obese individuals. Fat indicators exert adverse effects on VO₂max, whereas muscle indicators exert favorable effects on VO₂max in overweight and obese populations.

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