孤独症谱系障碍儿童核心症状与食物不耐受的相关性分析：一项单中心回顾性研究-现代医学

孤独症谱系障碍儿童核心症状与食物不耐受的相关性分析：一项单中心回顾性研究

单位：1. 山西中医药大学护理学院, 山西晋中 030619;
2. 南方医科大学深圳妇幼保健院儿童心理与康复科, 广东深圳 518000

分类号：R339

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2025·53·第五期（726-731）

摘要：

目的： 探讨孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患儿核心症状与食物不耐受(FI)的关系，为ASD患儿实施综合干预提供参考依据。方法： 采用回顾性分析，选取2021年12月至2024年10月在南方医科大学深圳妇幼保健院儿童心理与康复科诊治的157例ASD患儿作为研究对象。收集患儿的一般资料，采用儿童孤独症评定量表(CARS)评估患儿的核心症状，统计患儿FI特异性IgG抗体检测结果，使用Spearman相关分析FI与ASD患儿核心症状的相关性。结果： 157例患儿中血清食物特异性IgG抗体总阳性率为82.8%，其中FI阳性率前4位依次是牛奶(86.62%)、鸡蛋(61.78%)、西红柿(33.12%)、小麦(25.48%)。鸡蛋、牛奶引起的FI多为重度,而其他引起的FI多为轻度。Spearman相关性分析显示，ASD患儿核心症状严重程度与FI之间呈正相关(r＝0.286，P＜0.01)。结论： ASD患儿易发生FI，ASD患儿FI与核心症状之间呈正相关，伴有FI的ASD患儿核心症状更严重。

Objective: To explore the relationship between food intolerance(FI) and symptom severity in children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD), and provide reference for comprehensive intervention in ASD children. Methods: Using retrospective analysis, 157 children with ASD who received treatment in the Department of Child Psychology and Rehabilitation at the Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Southern Medical University from December 2021 to October 2024 were selected as the research subjects. General information of ASD children was collected, the Childhood Autism Rating Scale(CARS) was used to assess their core symptoms, and collect FI specific IgG antibody test results. Use Spearman correlation analysis to investigate the correlation between FI and core symptoms in children with ASD. Results: The total positive rate of serum food specific IgG antibodies in 157 children was 82.8%. The top four positive rates of FI are milk(86.62%), eggs(61.78%), tomatoes(33.12%), and wheat(25.48%). FI caused by eggs and milk were mainly severe, while intolerance of other food were mainly mild. Spearman correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the severity of core symptoms in children with ASD and FI(r=0.286, P<0.01). Conclusion: Children with ASD are prone to FI, and there is a positive correlation between FI and the severity of core symptoms. Children with ASD who also have FI have more severe core symptoms.

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