帕金森病伴发抑郁或焦虑的危险因素分析-现代医学

帕金森病伴发抑郁或焦虑的危险因素分析

作者：董旭沈莉

单位：南京市中心医院老年科, 江苏南京 210000

分类号：R4

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2025·53·第二期（271-278）

摘要：

目的：分析帕金森病伴发抑郁或焦虑的危险因素，为后期临床制定有针对性的护理培训计划提供参考依据。方法：回顾性选取在南京市中心医院就诊的197例帕金森患者的临床资料，依据汉密尔顿抑郁量表评估其发生抑郁或焦虑的情况，分别采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归进行危险因素的分析。结果：帕金森患者伴发抑郁或焦虑的发生率为36.5%。Logistic回归分析显示无伴偶(OR=7.616，P=0.014)、运动功能障碍(OR=1.148，P=0.006)、并发异动症和开-关波动(OR=5.944，P<0.001)、睡眠障碍(OR=1.697，P<0.001)、自主神经功能障碍(OR=1.146，P<0.001)是帕金森患者发生抑郁或焦虑的独立危险因素。结论：帕金森患者伴发抑郁或焦虑的发生率较高，本研究发现其重要的影响因素，因此，建议临床护理人员密切关注、评估患者的心理状态，对于有抑郁和焦虑倾向的患者，给予针对性护理，以减轻患者的精神负担，降低抑郁或焦虑的发生率，进而提高临床护理质量。

Objective: To identify factors contributing to depression or anxiety in patients with Parkinson's disease(PD). Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted in 197 patients attending to Nanjing Central Hospital for the treatment of PD. The data were analyzed mainly using independent sample t test, multivariate Logistic regression and other statistical methods. Results: The rate of depression or anxiety was 36.5%.Logistic regression analysis showed that the absence of a partner(OR=7.616, P=0.014), motor dysfunction(OR=1.148, P=0.006), concurrent dyskinesia and on-off fluctuations(OR=5.944, P<0.001), sleep disorders(OR=1.697, P<0.001), and autonomic nervous system dysfunction(OR=1.146, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for depression or anxiety in Parkinson's patients. Conclusion: A high incidence of depression or anxiety was observed in PD patients. This study has found its risk factors, therefore, close attention should be paid for assessing the psychological state of PD patients. Targeted nursing intervention should be performed for patients with tendency of depression or anxiety to reduce the mental burden and decrease the incidence of depression or anxiety in PD patients.

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