老年结直肠癌患者自我感知老化的潜在剖面分析-现代医学

老年结直肠癌患者自我感知老化的潜在剖面分析

单位：1. 川北医学院附属医院胃肠外一科, 四川南充 637000;
2. 川北医学院附属医院消化内科, 四川南充 637000;
3. 川北医学院护理学院, 四川南充 637000

分类号：R473.73

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2025·53·第二期（228-236）

摘要：

目的：基于Leventhal的自我调节模型探究结直肠癌(CRC)根治术后早期老年病人自我感知老化的潜在类别，并分析各类别的影响因素。方法：采用一般资料调查表、中文版老年人衰弱评估量表(TIF)、简版自我感知老化量表(B-APQ)、查尔斯合并症指数评分量表(CCI)，对2023年12月至2024年6月川北医学院附属医院胃肠外科首次行CRC根治术的194例老年病人进行问卷调查。采用Mplus8.3软件对病人的自我感知老化水平进行潜在剖面分析，运用卡方检验、Kruskal-Wallis检验和Logistic回归分析探究术后早期病人自我感知老化潜在类别的影响因素。结果：经潜在类别分析，病人自我感知老化水平分为3个潜在类别，分别是高水平自我感知老化组(33.0%)、中水平自我感知老化组(44.3%)、低水平自我感知老化组(22.7%)。Logistic回归分析显示，年龄、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、衰弱、术后并发症、永久造口是自我感知老化潜在类别的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论： CRC根治术后早期的老年病人自我感知老化有3种潜在类别，各类别的特征及影响因素存在差异，医护人员应基于其同质化群体，根据不同类别的特征及影响因素有针对性地开展干预，以期改善病人自我感知老化水平，提高术后老年病人的生活质量。

Objective: To explore the potential categories of self-perceived aging in early elderly patients after radical resection of colorectal cancer and to analyze the factors influencing different potential categories based on Leventhal's self-regulation mode. Methods: A total of 194 elderly patients undergoing radical resection of colorectal cancer for the first time in Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from December 2023 to June 2024 were investigated by using the General Information Questionnaire, the Chinese Version of Tiburg Frailty Indicator(TIF), Brief Ageing Perceptions Questionnaire(B-APQ), and Charlson Comorbidity Index(CCI). Mplus8.3 software was used to conduct Latent Profile Analysis(LPA) of patients' self-perceived aging level, and Chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Logistic regression analysis were used to identify the factors associated with the potential categories of self-perceived aging in the early postoperative period. Results: The LPA divided the self-perceived aging level of elderly patients with colorectal cancer into 3 potential categories, namely, high level self-perceived aging group(33.0%), medium level self-perceived aging group(44.3%) and low level self-perceived aging group(22.7%). Logistic Regression analysis showed that age, educational level, monthly income per capita of family, frailty, postoperative complications and permanent stoma were the influencing factors in the potential category of self-perceived aging(all P<0.05).Conclusion: self-perceived aging has three potential categories among elderly patients with colorectal cancer after radical surgery that have different characteristics and influencing factors, based on which medical staff should carry out intervention, in order to improve the patient self-perceived aging level and improve the quality of life of postoperative elderly patients.

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