江苏省心血管病高危人群脉压指数与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性分析-现代医学

江苏省心血管病高危人群脉压指数与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性分析

单位：1. 江苏省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染病防制所, 江苏南京 210009;
2. 南京医科大学公共卫生学院, 江苏南京 211166

分类号：R543.4

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2025·53·第二期（197-202）

摘要：

目的：探讨江苏省心血管病高危人群脉压指数与颈动脉粥样硬化之间的关联，为颈动脉粥样硬化的早期预防与控制提供科学依据。方法：于2015年9月至2016年6月，在江苏省6个项目点采用方便抽样方法对35~75岁常住居民进行问卷调查、体格测量和颈动脉超声检查。采用R 4.2.3软件进行方差分析和χ²检验。采用多因素Logistic回归分析脉压指数与颈动脉粥样硬化之间的关系。结果：本研究共纳入11 392名研究对象，平均脉压指数为0.4±0.1；颈动脉异常5 969人(52.4%)，颈动脉斑块4 186人(36.7%)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，脉压指数每增加一个标准差，颈动脉异常和颈动脉斑块患病风险分别增加17%和21%，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与60岁以下人群相比，60岁及以上人群，颈动脉异常和颈动脉斑块患病风险更高，差异有统计学意义(交互作用检验均P<0.05)。与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇<4.1 mmol·L^-1人群相比，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇≥4.1 mmol·L^-1人群颈动脉异常患病风险更高，差异有统计学意义(交互作用检验P<0.05)。结论：江苏省35~75岁常住居民脉压指数增大升高颈动脉粥样硬化发生风险，且60岁及以上和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇≥4.1 mmol·L^-1人群颈动脉粥样硬化发生风险更高。

Objective: To investigate the association between pulse pressure index and carotid atherosclerosis in population with high-risk for cardiovascular diseases in Jiangsu Province and provide scientific basis for early prevention and control of carotid atherosclerosis. Methods: From September 2015 to June 2016, convenience sampling method was used to select permanent residents aged 35 to 75 years in 6 project sites in Jiangsu province, questionnaire survey, physical measurement and carotid ultrasound examination were conducted to collect each participant's relevant information. R 4.2.3 was used for analysis of variance and χ² test. Multivariate logistic regression model was performed to determine the association of pulse pressure index and carotid atherosclerosis. Results: A total of 11 392 participants were included in the study, with an average pulse pressure index of 0.4±0.1, 5 969(52.4%) cases of abnormal carotid artery and 4 186(36.7%) cases of carotid plaque. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that for every standard deviation increase in pulse pressure index, the risk of abnormal carotid artery and carotid plaque increased by 17% and 21%, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Compared with participants aged<60 years, the participants aged ≥ 60 years had a higher risk of abnormal carotid artery and carotid plaque, and the differences were statistically significant(interaction tests P<0.05, respectively). Compared with participants with low density lipoprotein cholesterol<4.1 mmol·L^-1, the participants with low density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥ 4.1 mmol·L^-1 had a higher risk of abnormal carotid artery, and the differences were statistically significant(interaction test P<0.05). Conclusion: The risk of carotid atherosclerosis has been increased in residents aged 35-75 years with increased pulse pressure index in Jiangsu Province, and the risk of carotid atherosclerosis is higher in residents aged 60 years or older and those with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥ 4.1 mmol·L^-1.

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