雾化吸入后高频率叩背联合诱发性肺量计训练对老年肺癌术后排痰和肺康复的影响-现代医学

雾化吸入后高频率叩背联合诱发性肺量计训练对老年肺癌术后排痰和肺康复的影响

单位：中山大学肿瘤防治中心综合中医科, 广东台山 510060

分类号：R473.73

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2025·53·第一期（141-146）

摘要：

目的: 探讨雾化吸入后高频率叩背联合诱发性肺量计训练对老年肺癌术后排痰和肺康复的影响。方法: 选取2021年3月至2024年3月在本院行手术治疗的老年肺癌患者112例，采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组与试验组。对照组(56例)采用传统低频率叩背联合呼吸训练干预；试验组(56例)采用高频率叩背联合诱发性肺量计训练干预，比较两组术后排痰情况、肺康复效果及生活质量。结果: 试验组干预后日均排痰量为(24.23±4.67) mL，多于对照组的(17.90±4.12) mL(P＜0.05)；痰液黏稠度低于对照组(P＜0.05)。呼气流量峰值(PEF)为(461.28±19.37) L·min^-1、用力肺活量(FVC)为(3.09±0.61) L、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)为(77.41±7.35)%,均大于对照组的(420.09±16.35) L·min^-1、(2.79±0.78) L、(70.88±9.44)%(P＜0.05)。试验组Borg呼吸困难评分为(2.07±0.49)分，低于对照组的(2.89±0.51)分(P＜0.05)。肺部并发症总发生率为3.57%，低于对照组(14.29%)(P＜0.05)。生活质量评分高于对照组(P＜0.05)。结论: 雾化吸入后高频率叩背联合诱发性肺量计训练在改善老年肺癌术后患者排痰效果，减轻呼吸困难程度，促进肺功能康复，降低肺部并发症发生风险，提高患者生活质量方面具有显著优势，值得临床推广。

Objective: To investigate the effects of high frequency back tapping combined with induced spirometer training after atomization inhalation on sputum excretion and lung rehabilitation in elderly patients with lung cancer. Methods: A total of 112 elderly patients with lung cancer who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from March 2021 to March 2024 were selected and divided into control group and experimental group by random number table method, with 56 cases in each group. The control group received traditional low-frequency back tapping combined with breathing training intervention, while the experimental group received high frequency back tapping combined with induced spirometer training intervention. The postoperative sputum excretion, pulmonary rehabilitation effect and quality of life between the two groups were compared. Results: The average daily sputum output of the experimental group was(24.23±4.67) mL after intervention, which was higher than(17.90±4.12) mL of the control group(P<0.05). The viscosity of sputum was lower than that of control group(P<0.05). Peak expiratory flow(PEF) was(461.28±19.37) L·min^-1, forced vital capacity(FVC) was(3.09±0.61) L, and forced expiratory volume(FEV1) in the first second was(77.41±7.35) %，which were higher than(420.09±16.35) L·min^-1,(2.79±0.78) L,(70.88±9.44) % in the control group(P<0.05). Borg dyspnea score(2.07±0.49) was lower than(2.89±0.51) of the control group(P<0.05). The total incidence of pulmonary complications was 3.57%, which was lower than 14.29% in the control group(P<0.05). The quality of life score was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion: High frequency back tapping combined with induced spirometer training after atomization inhalation has significant advantages in improving the expectoration effect, reducing the degree of dyspnea, promoting lung function rehabilitation, reducing the risk of pulmonary complications, and improving the quality of life of elderly patients after lung cancer surgery, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

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