妇科护士对高危型HPV感染的认知程度及其影响因素研究-现代医学

妇科护士对高危型HPV感染的认知程度及其影响因素研究

单位：南京医科大学附属妇产医院(南京市妇幼保健院) 妇科, 江苏南京 210000

分类号：R473.73

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2025·53·第一期（87-93）

摘要：

目的: 探讨分析我市妇科护士对高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染认知状况和其影响因素，为后期临床制定有针对性的护理培训计划提供参考依据。方法: 选取我市妇科护士151例，采用自制高危型HPV感染认知程度调查问卷进行随机抽样调查，评估其对高危型HPV感染的认知情况；分别采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归进行影响因素分析。结果: 问卷有效回收率92.1%，认知充分率为72.1%。Logistic回归分析显示，从业年限＜5年、5～10年、10～20年的妇科护士对高危型HPV感染认知不充分的风险是从业年限＞20年的护士的1.792倍(95%CI 1.065～3.180)倍、1.527倍(95%CI 0.953～2.386)和1.431倍(95%CI 0.672～3.013)；大专和本科学历的护士认知不充分的风险是硕士及以上学历者的3.585倍(95%CI 1.759～8.996)和2.780倍(95%CI 0.290～95.843)；未学习过HPV感染指南及专家共识、既往无高危HPV感染患者护理经验、1年内未参加过高危HPV感染相关护理培训，均为妇科护士对高危型HPV感染认知程度低的危险因素，其OR值分别为7.74(95%CI 1.812～13.268)、3.814(95%CI 2.632 5～0.508)及3.516(95%CI 1.222～5.716)。结论: 我市妇科护士对HPV认知程度仍较低，其重要影响因素为从业年限、学历层次、是否学习过HPV感染指南及专家共识、既往有无高危HPV感染患者护理经验、1年内是否参加过高危HPV感染相关护理培训。应采取针对性的策略，以达到提高妇科护士对高危HPV感染知识的认知水平，进而提高临床护理质量。

Objective: To explore the cognition of high-risk human papillomavirus(HPV) infection and its influencing factors among gynecological nurses, so as to provide the reference for formulating targeted nursing training plans in the clinical practice. Methods: A total of 151 nurses who met the inclusion criteria were randomly selected and investigated with the self-designed questionnaire to evaluate the cognition of subjects on the high-risk HPV infection. The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The respondent rate was 92.1% with an awareness-rate of 72.1%. Logistic regression analysis showed that nurses with working years＜5, 5-10 and 10-20 years had a 1.792 times(95%CI 1.065-3.180), 1.527 times(95%CI 0.953-2.386) and 1.431 times(95%CI 0.672-3.013) risk of insufficient knowledge on high-risk HPV infection, as compared to those with the employment>20 years. The risk was respectively 3.585 times(95%CI 1.759-8.996) and 2.780 times(95%CI 0.29-95.843) for nurses with junior and bachelor degree when compared to those with master's degree or above. Lack of learning guidelines or expert consensus about HPV infection, no previous experience for caring patients with high-risk HPV infection or associated nursing training within one year were risk factors for low levels of cognition. The OR values were 7.746(95%CI 1.812-13.268), 3.814(95%CI 2.633-0.508) and 3.516(95%CI 1.222-5.716), respectively. Conclusion: The cognition level on high risk-HPV infection among gynecologic nurses is still insufficient. Working years, nurses' education qualification, whether read guidelines and expert consensus statement and whether participate in nursing practice and training in the past one year for HR-HPV infection are its influencing factors. A variety of targeted strategies should be formulated to improve the cognition level and quality of nursing service at clinical settings.

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