Objective:This study aims to reveal the reasons for the healthcare selection bias in patients with chronic heart failure using a health ecology model(HEM) as a framework, providing reference for the effective implementation of the hierarchical medical treatment system and the improvement of patients' healthcare experience.Methods:A descriptive phenomenological research method was used to conduct semi-structured interviews with 15 patients with chronic heart failure based on the HEM, and the interview data were analyzed using the directed content analysis method using the five dimensions of the HEM model, the individual trait level, the individual behavioral level, the interpersonal relationship level, the work and living conditions level, and the macro-policy level as a framework. Results: Based on the results of the interviewers, a total of 5 themes and 12 sub-themes were summarized, medical cognitive limitations(solidified hospital functions, alert to cardiac risks), single response to illness(risk-averse mentality, seeking psychological support, passive medical decision-making), behavioral norms impediments(intergenerational family influences, social recommendation convergence), imbalance in medical resources(differences in the drug catalogue, disparities in medical personnel, gaps in continuity of care) and policy understanding bias(low awareness of grading, lack of medical trust, questioning the purpose of the policy), respectively. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals need to strengthen the health education of patients with chronic heart failure, explore patients' coping resources and construct a multidimensional strategy for choosing medical institutions, and focus on policy-driven hierarchical health management of chronic heart failure, so as to improve the complete process chain of chronic heart failure management. |
[1] 国务院办公厅.国务院办公厅关于推进分级诊疗制度建设的指导意见[EB/OL].(2015-09-11)[2024-07-01].https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2015-09/11/content_10158.htm.
[2] 国家卫健委.关于印发心力衰竭分级诊疗技术方案的通知[EB/OL].(2019-05-15)[2024-07-01].http://www.nhc.gov.cn/yzygj/s3593g/201905/bcc9cf90e44a4040bdf55b0d6d20857f.shtml.
[3] 樊敏娜,蒋颜.慢性心力衰竭病人资源利用情况影响因素的路径分析[J].中国卫生统计,2023,40(5):754-757.
[4] 王丽萍.高血压及其共病患者就医行为决策研究[D].南京:南京中医药大学,2018.
[5] 朱玉琴,金花,于德华.分级诊疗背景下多病共存患者就医机构选择行为及其影响因素研究[J].中国全科医学,2023,26(13):1598-1604.
[6] 吴琼,王天一.紧密型县域医共体内医疗质量同质化管理的演化博弈分析[J].中国卫生标准管理,2024,15(9):87-92.
[7] 郝天天,徐翠荣,蔡雪,等.健康生态学视域下医联体模式的健康管理对慢性心力衰竭患者心功能的影响[J].东南大学学报(医学版),2023,42(6):841-849.
[8] FTY M,MCLACHLAN S,PURDY S,et al.The implications of living with heart failure; the impact on everyday life,family support,co-morbidities and access to healthcare:a secondary qualitative analysis[J].BMC Fam Pract,2016,17(1):139.
[9] 潘秋予,李印龙,麦陈耀,等.健康生态学研究进展[J].济宁医学院学报,2022,45(4):229-233.
[10] 中华医学会心血管病学分会,中国医师协会心血管内科医师分会,中国医师协会心力衰竭专业委员会,等.中国心力衰竭诊断和治疗指南2024[J].中华心血管病杂志,2024,52(3):235-275.
[11] COLLINS A E.Health ecology and environmental management in Mozambique[J].Health Place,2002,8(4):263-272.
[12] HSIEH H F,SHANNON S E.Three approaches to qualitative content analysis[J].Qual Health Res,2005,15(9):1277-1288.
[13] 王红红,赵地,赵晓敏,等.护理质性研究的可信赖度现状及提升技术分析[J].中国护理管理,2022,22(2):161-166.
[14] 朱涵琦.基层医院建设对基层医疗机构服务能力的影响研究[D].南京:南京中医药大学,2024.
[15] 刘琳,邬青,张静,等.老年心力衰竭病人症状感知现状及影响因素分析[J].实用老年医学,2024,38(5):461-464,469.
[16] 邱华云,巫艳芳,宋珈名,等.基于家庭远程血压/心率监测系统的医院外心衰管理效果观察[J].现代医药卫生,2024,40(9):1467-1472.
[17] 李婉玲,郭玉丽,马景莲,等.基于家庭护理评估工具的出院服务在老年心力衰竭患者中的应用[J].护理学杂志,2024,39(6):105-109.
[18] 方星蓉.以赋能理论为指导的改良护理模式在心力衰竭患者中的应用效果研究[J].中西医结合心血管病电子杂志,2023,11(8):50-52,78.
[19] 薛亚男,史铁英,张秀杰,等.护理视角下解读《2021 ESC急慢性心力衰竭诊断和治疗指南》[J].中国护理管理,2022,22(7):1089-1093.
[20] 刘赛赛.老年人家庭代际支持、社会参与水平与健康行为的关系[D].唐山:华北理工大学,2023.
[21] 汤少梁,何光秀.分级诊疗背景下江苏省医联体建设存在的问题及对策——以南京市和淮安市为例[J].中国公共卫生,2020,36(12):1805-1807.
[22] 王曼菲,陈馨仪,王安石,等.基层医疗卫生机构的慢性病管理:经验、问题和建议——基于案例分析[J].卫生经济研究,2022,39(3):46-49.
[23] 苏明阳,祝贺.不同年龄慢性病患者就诊地点选择影响因素的比较分析[J].现代预防医学,2024,51(5):859-864,876.
[24] 谈雅茹,徐翠荣,徐筱璐,等.社区医护人员慢性心力衰竭健康管理远程培训课程的开发与应用[J].中华护理教育,2022,19(12):1077-1080.
[25] 谢樱姿,颜涵,徐翠荣,等.医联体联动视角下慢性心力衰竭疾病管理干预策略的质性研究[J].现代医学,2022,50(3):310-314.
[26] 方添栋.国外典型分级诊疗模式及对我国分级诊疗制度建设的启示[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2022,30(4):317-320.
[27] 钱宇,王小合,陈洁,等.分级诊疗服务体系理论及实践进展与路径策略研究[J].中国医院管理,2022,42(9):1-5.
[28] 赵梓钧,谢贤宇,吴勤德.基于MAZMANIAN-SABATIER模型的分级诊疗政策执行阻碍因素与优化策略[J].中国老年学杂志,2022,42(14):3614-3618. |