目的： 构建基于eCASH理念的神经外科重症患者身体约束缩减方案，为神经重症患者身体约束实践提供参考。方法： 基于文献循证和德尔菲专家函询法构建神经外科重症患者身体约束缩减方案。结果： 两轮函询的专家积极系数均为100%，专家权威系数为0.85。两轮函询后指标重要性平均得分4.25~5.0，各指标的变异系数范围为0~0.169；第二轮各级指标的肯德尔协调系数(Kendall's W)分别为0.275、0.336和0.253(均P<0.001)。最终形成包括4个一级指标，12个二级指标，33个三级指标的基于eCASH理念的神经外科重症患者身体约束缩减方案。结论： 本研究构建的基于eCASH理念的神经外科重症患者身体约束缩减方案包含决策支持、分级管理、过程管理、评价指标4个维度，细化为12个二级指标、33个三级指标，具有科学性和实用性，为促进神经外科重症患者身体约束最小化提供参考。

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