目的： 探讨压缩感知(CS) 技术在1.5T磁共振仪上完成头颅时间飞跃法(TOF)磁共振血管成像(MRA)的可行性。方法： 38名志愿者在1.5T磁共振仪上同时完成常规头颅并行采集三维时间飞跃法(3D TOF)磁共振血管成像(MRA)和压缩感知三维时间飞跃法磁共振血管成像(CS 3D TOF MRA)扫描，CS加速倍数分别设定为3倍、5.6倍，每个志愿者各获得3组图像，比较各组图像的信噪比(SNR)、对比噪声比(CNR)和主观血管显示评分。结果： 3组图像的SNR和CNR差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001)，其中常规TOF和CS 3倍加速TOF图像之间的SNR和CNR差异，CS 3倍和CS 5.6倍加速TOF图像之间的SNR和CNR差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.001)，而常规TOF和CS 5.6倍加速TOF图像的SNR和CNR差异无统计学意义(P分别为0.977和0.624)。3组图像的图像质量主观评价得分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001)。其中常规TOF和CS 3倍加速TOF图像的主观评分差异无统计学意义(P=0.319)，常规TOF和CS 5.6倍加速TOF图像、CS 3倍和CS 5.6倍加速TOF图像的主观评分差异有统计学意义(P分别为＜0.001和0.047)。结论： 行头颅3D TOF MRA扫描时，选择CS 3倍加速，可以在图像质量和扫描时间之间获得较好的平衡。

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