云南某县青少年生活行为方式与焦虑症状的关联-现代医学

云南某县青少年生活行为方式与焦虑症状的关联

作者：曾安娜¹ 2 李杨¹ 胡梦蝶¹ 2 陈树兵³ 洪旭⁴ 廖超男¹ 王元¹ 2 李浩¹ 2 周菲惠¹ 徐洪吕¹ 2

单位：1. 昆明学院医学院, 云南昆明 650214;
2. 昆明学院社区护理研究团队, 云南昆明 650214;
3. 屏边县第五中学, 云南红河 652399;
4. 屏边县第二中学, 云南红河 661199

分类号：R749.72

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2024·52·第七期（1063-1069）

摘要：

目的：研究云南青少年生活行为与焦虑症状的关联。方法：在云南红河州屏边县随机整群选取两所中学的819名在校中学生进行问卷调查,收集生活行为方式数据。使用中文版21条目抑郁-焦虑-压力量表评估中学生的焦虑症状。采用广义线性模型分析云南青少年生活行为方式与焦虑症状的关联,并按性别进行分层分析。结果：54.21%的青少年焦虑症状阳性。有以下不健康行为的青少年焦虑症状阳性率较高：最近1个月喝酒≥7杯(78.95%)、消费零食≥7次(73.33%)、每周7 d吃夜宵(71.79%)和不吃早餐(69.88%)。广义线性模型分析结果显示,控制混杂变量后,学习日视屏时间、零食、甜食、夜宵等生活行为方式与男女生焦虑症状呈正相关；新鲜食物、吃早餐天数等生活行为方式与男女生焦虑症状呈负相关。结论：云南青少年不健康生活行为方式可能增加焦虑症状风险，中学校需要采取有效的健康教育以预防和改善初中生的焦虑症状。

Objective: To explore the association between lifestyle and anxiety symptoms among adolescents in Yunnan province. Methods: A total of 819 middle school students were sampled and questionnaires were collected to investigate lifestyle from two middle schools in Pingbian County, Honghe, Yunnan Province. The anxiety symptoms of middle school students were evaluated by Chinese version Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21. The association between lifestyle and anxiety symptoms and gender stratification were analyzed by generalized linear model. Results: 54.21% of the adolescents had positive anxiety symptoms. Adolescents with the following unhealthy behaviors had higher positive rates of anxiety symptoms: drinking ≥7 cups of alcohol in the last month(78.95%), consuming snacks ≥7 times(73.33%), eating midnight snacks on 7 days a week(71.79%) and skipping breakfast(69.88%).The results of generalized linear model analysis showed that after controlling for confounding variables, lifestyle behaviors such as daily screen time, snacking, sweet food consumption, and midnight snacks were positively correlated with anxiety symptoms in both male and female students. On the other hand, lifestyle behaviors such as consuming fresh food and the number of days having breakfast were negatively correlated with anxiety symptoms in both genders. Conclusion: The unhealthy lifestyle may increase the risk of anxiety symptoms of adolescents in Yunnan province. Effective health education is needed to prevent and improve the anxiety symptoms of junior high school students.

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