两种不同口腔湿润法在ICU患者口渴中的应用效果比较-现代医学

两种不同口腔湿润法在ICU患者口渴中的应用效果比较

单位：安庆市立医院重症医学科, 安徽安庆 246001

分类号：R472.9

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2024·52·第五期（754-758）

摘要：

目的：比较两种不同口腔湿润法在缓解重症监护病房(ICU)患者口渴中的应用效果。方法：选取2021年1月至2022年3月安庆市立医院ICU的住院患者60例，随机分为实验组和对照组(各30例)。实验组使用象鼻喷瓶向口腔内喷洒冰水，对照组使用棉签蘸冰水涂抹口腔，两组均采用凡士林纱布涂抹嘴唇。干预前后采用数字评分表(NRS)评估两组患者口渴程度；采用唇舌、口腔黏膜滋润程度评分表评估两组患者口腔黏膜滋润程度。比较两组患者口渴程度的NRS评分及唇舌、口腔黏膜滋润程度评分的差异。结果：两组患者干预前口渴程度的NRS评分及唇舌、口腔黏膜滋润程度评分比较，差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；两组患者干预后口渴程度的NRS评分均下降，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；实验组NRS评分由(7.76±1.24)分降为(4.55±1.21)分，对照组由(7.44±1.15)分降为(5.56±1.19)分，差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05)；两组患者干预后唇舌、口腔黏膜滋润程度评分比较，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论：象鼻喷瓶喷洒冰水结合凡士林纱布涂抹嘴唇法较棉签蘸冰水涂抹口腔结合凡士林纱布涂抹嘴唇法，在解决ICU患者口渴症状上效果更优，值得临床推广。

Objective: To compare the efficacy of two different oral moistening methods in alleviating thirst among patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methods: Sixty patients admitted to ICU of Anqing Municipal Hospital from January 2021 to March 2022 were randomly assigned into two groups: experimental group and control group (30 patients in each group). The experimental group received oral spray with ice water using a nasal spray bottle, while the control group underwent oral application of ice water using a cotton swab. Both groups received lip moisturization with vaseline gauze. Thirst levels were assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) before and after intervention, while oral mucosal moisture was evaluated using a scoring table for lips, tongue, and oral mucosa. Differences in NRS thirst scores and lip, tongue, and oral mucosal moisture scores between the two groups were compared. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in NRS thirst scores and lip, tongue, and oral mucosal moisture scores between the two groups before intervention (P > 0.05). After intervention, both groups showed a decrease in NRS thirst scores, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Intra-group comparison revealed a statistically significant decrease in NRS thirst scores for the experimental group from 7.76±1.24 to 4.55±1.21 and for the control group from 7.44±1.15 to 5.56±1.19(both P<0.05). Comparison of lip, tongue, and oral mucosal moisture scores after intervention showed statistically significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: The combination of nasal spray with ice water and lip moisturization using vaseline gauze is more effective in alleviating thirst symptoms in critically ill patients compared to using a cotton swab dipped in ice water along with lip moisturization using vaseline gauze, suggesting its potential for clinical application.

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