常州市藏族学生结核病相关知晓情况的调查研究-现代医学

常州市藏族学生结核病相关知晓情况的调查研究

单位：1. 南京医科大学公共卫生学院, 江苏南京 211166;
2. 常州市钟楼区疾病预防控制中心慢性传染病防治科, 江苏常州 213000;
3. 常州市新北区疾病预防控制中心慢性传染病防治科, 江苏常州 213000;
4. 南京医科大学附属常州市疾病预防控制中心慢性传染病防治科, 江

关键词：结核病藏族学生中学生知识态度健康教育

分类号：R52; R193

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2024·52·第一期（71-76）

摘要：

目的：了解2023年常州市藏族中学生对结核病防治知识的认知、态度、行为和健康教育需求现状，为我国学校内结核高负担地区学生的结核病管理以及采取健康教育措施提供参考依据。方法：采取整群抽样方法，分别选取常州市某西藏民族中学初中班级学生和某高中藏族班级学生进行问卷调查。结果：共分发500份调查问卷，回收有效问卷480份，有效率为96.0%(480/500)。在5条结核病基本知识、4条核心知识和3条结核病其他知识中，藏族学生的知晓率分别为68.5%、62.1%和14.8%；全部12条题目中，藏族学生的总体知晓率为51.9%，全部知晓仅有2人。其中性别、年级、卡介苗接种和父亲文化程度与总体知晓率有统计学差异(P＜0.05)。58.3%和53.1%的藏族学生愿意主动学习和向他人讲述结核病知识，62.7%的学生想要通过“广播、电视、视频等直播或录播方式”获取结核病知识，60.4%的学生需要藏汉双语进行宣传。结论：藏族中学生对结核防治知识的认知水平较低，但是对于学习和传播结核病知识的意愿较高，大部分藏族学生想要通过网络平台的视听栏目获取结核病知识，并在宣传时添加藏汉双语字幕，应根据学生行为特点，进行精准的健康教育。

Objective: To investigate the knowledge, attitude, behavior and health education needs of Tibetan middle and high school students on tuberculosis prevention and control in Changzhou in 2023, and to provide reference for TB management and health education measures for students in areas with high TB burden in schools. Methods: Using cluster sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted among Tibetan students in two schools in Changzhou. Results: A total of 500 questionnaires were give out, and 480 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a validration of 96.0%(480/500).Among the 5 pieces of basic knowledge, 4 core ones and 3 other ones of tuberculosis, the awareness rate among Tibetan students was 68.5%, 62.1%and 14.8%, respectively.Out of all 12 questions, the overall awareness rate of Tibetan students was 51.9%, and only two students knew all the questions.Gender, grade, BCG vaccination and paternal education had an effect on the cognition of the knowledge of tuberculosis(P<0.05).58.3%and 53.1%of Tibetan students were willing to take the initiative to learn and tell others about TB knowledge, 62.7%of the students wanted to acquire TB knowledge through “radio, television, video and other live or recorded broadcasting methods”, and 60.4%of the students needed Tibetan and Chinese bilingual publicity. Conclusion: Tibetan middle and high school students have a low level of awareness of tuberculosis-related knowledge but higher willingness to learn and spread TB knowledge,most Tibetan students want to acquire TB knowledge through audio-visual programs on online platforms with Tibetan and Chinese bilingual caption in the propaganda.Accurate health education should be conducted according to the characteristics of students' behavior.

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