基于专利数据研究中药复方治疗咳嗽的用药规律-现代医学

基于专利数据研究中药复方治疗咳嗽的用药规律

单位：1. 南京中医药大学附属医院急诊科, 江苏南京 210029;
2. 南京中医药大学人工智能与信息技术学院, 江苏南京 210023

分类号：R562.25

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2023·51·第九期（1199-1206）

摘要：

目的：探索中国知网专利数据库中治疗咳嗽的重要复方专利的用药规律。方法：检索中国知网专利数据库建库至2022年11月14日收录的治疗咳嗽的中药复方，对符合纳入标准的中药复方专利中所包含的药物进行频次、性味、归经以及功效分类统计分析，总结核心药物使用规律，发现潜力新方。结果：共纳入中药复方166首，涉及中药429味，总的用药频次为1 880次。使用频次最高的中药依次为甘草、桔梗、苦杏仁、黄芩、陈皮、金银花等；药性以温、寒、平为主，药味以苦为主，多归于肺经；药物功效以止咳平喘、清热化痰为主；核心药物组合有桔梗+甘草、桔梗+苦杏仁、甘草+苦杏仁等。发现新方6首。结论：中药复方治疗咳嗽以宣通肺气、祛痰止咳、清热解毒为主要治法。核心药物组合的分析以及新药的挖掘为更好地治疗咳嗽提供了更广阔的思路。

Objective: To explore the medication rule of Chinese medicine compound prescriptions for the treatment of cough based on the patent database of China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Methods: The compound prescriptions of Chinese medicines for the treatment of cough were searched in the patent database of China National Knowledge Infrastucture until November 14th, 2022. The drugs in the compound prescriptions that met the inclusion criteria were statistically analyzed in terms of frequency,nature and flavor, meridian and efficacy classification. The core drugs, drug groups and new prescriptions were mined. Results: A total of 166 herbal compound prescriptions were included, involving 429 herbal medicines, and the total frequency of all prescriptions was 1 880. The most frequently used herbs in order were Licorice, Orris, Bitter Almond, Scutellaria, Dry Orange Peel and Jinyinhua. The medicinal properties were mainly warm, cold and flat, and the taste was mainly bitter, mostly attributed to the lung meridian. The effects were mainly to stop coughing and asthma, antipyretic and dispel phlegm. The core drug combinations included Radix Platycodon+Licorice, Radix Platycodon+Bitter Almond, Licorice+Bitter Almond, etc. Six new prescriptions were found. Conclusion: The main treatment of cough with Chinese herbal compounding is to promote lung Qi, dispel phlegm and stop cough, and antipyretic and remove pathogenic microorganisms. The analysis of core drug combinations and the exploration of new drugs provide broader ideas for better treatment of cough.

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