目的: 评价正念养育对儿童青少年父母养育压力和育儿正念的干预效果。方法: 计算机检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、SinoMed数据库、PubMed、The Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Embase等建库至2022年10月22日中有关正念养育对儿童青少年父母养育压力和育儿正念的随机对照研究,双人独立筛选文献、提取数据并采用Cochrane手册中的偏倚风险评估工具对纳入文献进行方法学质量评价,采用Revman 5.4.1软件进行Meta分析。结果: 共纳入12篇文献,总样本量820例,Meta分析结果显示,正念养育可缓解养育压力[SMD=-0.37,95%CI(-0.64,-0.09),Z=2.59,P=0.01],提升父母育儿正念[SMD=0.39,95%CI(0.11,0.67),Z=2.70,P=0. 007]。且亚组分析表明,正念养育可以提升非临床儿童青少年的父母育儿正念[SMD=0.89,95%CI(0.53,1.24),Z=4.42,P<0.001],并且对儿童父母的育儿正念[SMD=0.38,95%CI(0.07,0.69),Z=2.41,P=0.02]及养育压力[SMD=-0.46,95%CI(-0.79,-0.12),Z=2.65,P=0.008]都具有有效性。结论: 正念养育对减少父母养育压力,提升育儿正念水平具有积极作用。

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