目的：了解湖南省公众现场救护参与行为现状和影响因素，为提高院前急救和现场救护参与度提供参考依据。方法：于2022年10月15日至21日进行为期1周的线上问卷调研，采用自行设计的调研问卷，以微信为传播媒介进行网络调查，通过问卷星在线调查工具发布及收集问卷数据。在公众遇到现场救护事件时，根据是否参与现场救护分为参与组和未参与组，使用卡方检验分析组间计数资料的差异，使用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析现场救护参与行为的影响因素。结果：(1) 共6 114人填写问卷，有效问卷数为5 852份(95.71%)，其中1 460人遇到过现场救护事件，而参与过现场救护的有862人(59.04%)。(2) 现场救护事件参与地点主要在家中(38.36%)，事件原因主要是心脏病发作(40.55%)，参与现场救护的方式主要是拨打120(62.76%)和送往医院(46.06%)，而心肺复苏(14.62%)、电除颤(5.22%)等专业急救方式使用极少。(3) 多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示，与家庭月收入<5 000元相比，公众家庭月收入>10 000元(OR=1.889，95%CI 1.065～3.351，P=0.030)、公众既往被救的经历(OR=2.431，95%CI 1.669~3.541，P<0.001)、既往接受过现场救护培训(OR=8.832，95%CI 5.355~14.569，P<0.001)是促进参与现场救护行为的有利因素。结论：对经济收入水平低的地区加强现场救护相关培训，普及现场救护技能有助于促进公众现场救护的参与行为，同时可以积极探索既往获救人员参与现场救护行为的机制和途径，促进公众参与现场救护的行为。

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