近年来儿童过敏性疾病发病率不断升高，它不但给患儿带来身体上的不适，还会对患儿的心理产生巨大影响，并在一定程度上影响他们的生长发育，因此其已被列入21世纪最严重的公共卫生问题之一。最为常见的儿童过敏性疾病主要包括变应性鼻炎、哮喘、过敏性结膜炎和过敏性皮炎等。但过敏性疾病的发病机制十分复杂，有些机理并不非常清楚，核苷酸结合结构域和富含亮氨酸重复蛋白3（NLRP3）作为现在研究的热点，其在过敏性疾病中的作用已经被人们逐渐认识，在多数过敏性疾病中都发挥了一定作用。本文就NLRP3在儿童常见过敏性疾病中的研究现况及作用机制作一综述。

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