类风湿关节炎(RA)是一种以炎症细胞浸润为特征的自身免疫性疾病，可导致滑膜增生、血管翳形成、软骨破坏和全身性并发症。目前遗传和环境因素被认为是RA发病的主要因素，但在RA滑膜中，CD4⁺ T、B、巨噬细胞等多种免疫细胞通过促进炎症细胞因子的产生也导致RA的发生。本文作者综述了免疫细胞在RA发病机制中作用的研究进展，为RA新治疗靶点的研究提供方向。

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