目的：分析胸主动脉腔内修复术(TEVAR)术后继发主动脉食管瘘(AEF)的临床特点，提高临床医师对AEF的认识和救治能力，提高AEF患者的救治成功率。方法：报告南部战区总医院1例TEVAR术后继发AEF患者的临床诊疗过程，结合中国知网文献报道的5例TEVAR术后继发AEF患者的临床资料，回顾性分析此6例TEVAR术后继发AEF患者的临床特点。结果：纳入AEF患者共6例，均为男性，平均年龄59岁。TEVAR术后继发AEF最早发生在术后2个月，最晚发生在术后2年。其中有2例表现为消化道出血，有5例伴有间断发热。胃镜检查、食管造影和主动脉计算机断层血管造影(CTA)检查可及时诊断AEF，瘘口发生位置距门齿平均为31.3 cm。仅1例行分期外科手术成功存活，余5例均救治失败。结论：AEF是TEVAR术后一种致命性并发症，主要发作部位在食管胸段的中下段，病死率极高，外科手术治疗应为首选的治疗方案。

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