目的：分析1型糖尿病患儿照顾者负担现状，探讨其与照顾者生活质量、心理状态及患儿血糖控制的关系。方法：采用方便抽样的方法，对2019年7月至2020年2月在南京医科大学附属儿童医院住院的181例1型糖尿病患儿的照顾者进行问卷调查，包括照顾者负担量表、SF-12生活质量量表和PHQ-9抑郁量表。利用高效液相色谱法测定患儿糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)。采用Spearman秩相关分析探讨照顾者照顾负担与其生活质量、抑郁情绪及患儿血糖控制的相关性，多元回归分析照顾负担对照顾者生活质量、抑郁情绪、患儿血糖控制的影响。结果：1型糖尿病患儿照顾者的照顾负担总分为(26.29±12.02)分，66.9%的照顾者存在轻至中度照顾负担。生理健康维度得分为(48.13±6.87)分，心理健康维度得分为(48.58±10.12)分，抑郁状态得分为(5.32±4.90)分，患儿平均HbA1c为(7.89±1.88)%，49.2%的患儿血糖控制未达标。照顾者负担总分与父母生活质量得分呈负相关(P＜0.001)，与抑郁得分呈正相关(P=0.002)，与患儿HbA1c水平之间无显著关联。多元回归分析显示，照顾者的照顾负担独立解释了照顾者生理健康和心理健康变异的3.2%和21.3%，占照顾者抑郁情绪变异13.3%。结论：1型糖尿病患儿照顾者普遍存在照顾负担，且调整混杂因素后，照顾负担仍有可能降低照顾者的生活质量，加重其抑郁情绪，医护工作者应重点关注。

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