甘孜高原地区重度子痫前期累计发病率调查及影响因素分析-现代医学

甘孜高原地区重度子痫前期累计发病率调查及影响因素分析

单位：1. 甘孜藏族自治州人民医院妇产科, 四川甘孜 626000;
2. 甘孜藏族自治州甘孜县人民医院妇产科, 四川甘孜 626000;
3. 甘孜藏族自治州雅江县妇幼保健院计划生育服务中心妇产科, 四川甘孜 626000;
4. 康定市第二人民医院妇产科, 四川甘孜 626001

关键词：重度子痫前期甘孜高原地区累计发病率影响因素

分类号：R714.25

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2022·50·第六期（701-705）

摘要：

目的：调查甘孜高原地区重度子痫前期累计发病率并分析其影响因素。方法：对2020年1月至2021年6月在甘孜高原地区进行体检的孕妇进行资料采集及问卷调查，分析其累计发病率和影响因素。结果：3 443例孕妇中有150例孕妇确诊为重度子痫前期，累计发病率为4.36%。将150例重度子痫前期孕妇作为病例组，同期选取116例体检健康孕妇作为对照组进行分析，结果显示，组间孕妇年龄、文化程度、居住海拔≥3 000 m、产检不规范、藏族等因素比较，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)，但是孕周、月经状况、职业以及产前是否接受准妈妈教育等因素比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；年龄>35岁、高中及以下学历、居住海拔≥3 000 m居住地、产检不规范、藏族为影响重度子痫前期患病的因素(P<0.05)。结论：甘孜高原地区重度子痫前期累计发病率为4.36%，年龄>35岁、高中及以下学历、居住海拔≥3 000 m、产检不规范、藏族为影响患病的因素，建议加强孕期监测，预防重度子痫前期的发生，以改善孕妇健康状况。

Objective: To investigate the cumulative incidence of severe preeclampsia in Ganzi plateau area, and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods: Data collection and questionnaire survey were performed on pregnant women who underwent physical examination in Ganzi plateau area from January 2020 to June 2021. The cumulative incidence and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results: A total of 150 of the 3 443 pregnant women were diagnosed with severe preeclampsia, and the cumulative incidence rate was 4.36%. The 150 pregnant women with severe preeclampsia were taken as the case group, meantime, 116 healthy pregnant women with physical examination were taken as the control group. The results showed that the age, educational level, more than 3 000 m altitude residence, irregular maternity inspection, Tibetan and other factors were statistically significant between the two groups(P<0.05), however, there were no significant differences in gestational week, menstrual status, occupation, and prenatal education for expectant mothers and other factors(P>0.05). Over 35 years old, high school education or below, more than 3 000 m altitude residence, irregular maternity inspection and Tibetan were factors affecting the prevalence of severe preeclampsia(P<0.05). Conclusion: The cumulative incidence of severe preeclampsia in Ganzi plateau area is 4.36%. Over 35 years old, high school education or below, more than 3 000 m altitude residence, irregular maternity inspection and Tibetan are factors affecting the disease. It is recommended to strengthen pregnancy monitoring to prevent the occurrence of severe preeclampsia, so as to improve health status of pregnant women.

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