目的：探讨岩白菜素对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)细胞增殖、凋亡及核因子-κB(NF-κB)信号通路的影响。方法：体外培养NSCLC细胞株HCC827，随机分成7.5、15、30 μmol·L^-1岩白菜素处理组和对照组。乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)实验检测HCC827细胞毒性；细胞计数试剂盒8(CCK-8)法检测HCC827细胞增殖抑制率；平板克隆法检测HCC827细胞增殖情况；流式细胞术检测HCC827细胞周期和细胞凋亡情况；蛋白质印迹(Western blotting)检测增殖蛋白细胞周期蛋白D1(CyclinD1)、CyclinE1、凋亡蛋白B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)及NF-κB通路蛋白的表达。结果：岩白菜素浓度≤30 μmol·L^-1时，HCC827细胞毒性不显著。与对照组比较，7.5、15、30 μmol·L^-1岩白菜素处理组细胞增殖抑制率显著升高，且表现时间和剂量依赖性[24 h时分别为(9.22±1.23)%、(27.85±1.59)%、(41.86±1.42)%;48 h时分别为(11.45±1.39)%、(44.36±1.28)%、(52.14±1.49)%；72 h时分别为(15.81±2.03)%、(55.17±2.12)%、(61.33±2.25)%]，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；与对照组比较，7.5、15、30 μmol·L^-1岩白菜素处理组细胞克隆数目[分别为(186.72±9.38)、(138.43±10.24)、(72.69±8.13)]、S期细胞比例[分别为(27.51±1.14)%、(23.63±1.27)%、(18.32±1.35)%]、蛋白CyclinD1、CyclinE1、Bcl-2、磷酸化-细胞外信号调节激酶(p-ERK1/2)/ERK1/2、NF-κB p65表达显著降低；细胞凋亡率[分别为(8.34±1.39)%、(12.73±1.28)%、(19.86±1.43)%]、G₀/G₁期细胞比例、蛋白Bax表达显著升高，表现剂量依赖性，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：岩白菜素可能通过抑制NF-κB通路抑制HCC827细胞的增殖，促进其凋亡，可能对治疗NSCLC有一定帮助。

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