目的：探讨认知心理干预对HIV感染者/AIDS患者（PLWHA）病耻感及生存质量的影响。方法：将2018年4月至2019年10月在我院住院治疗的76例PLWHA按随机数字表法分为实验组和对照组，各38例。对照组采用感染科常规护理，实验组采取认知干预护理措施。在入组时和干预结束后评价患者病耻感及生存质量。结果：干预后实验组病耻感各维度评分低于对照组（P<0.05）。实验组生存质量各维度评分显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：认知心理干预可降低PLWHA的病耻感及提高生活质量，值得临床推广和应用。

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