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佛山地区1 696例儿童28种血清食物特异性IgG抗体检测结果分析
作者:石任任  叶智良  岳梦婷  杨全  李相新 
单位:佛山市妇幼保健院 检验科, 广东 佛山 528000
关键词:食物不耐受 特异性IgG抗体 儿童 
分类号:R153.2
出版年·卷·期(页码):2020·39·第八期(1024-1031)
摘要:

目的:探讨佛山地区儿童血清食物特异性IgG抗体的分布特征,为食物不耐受及相关疾病的诊治提供依据。方法:采用酶联免疫法检测1 696例过敏性疾病或疑似过敏性疾病儿童14种主食及14种辅食血清特异性IgG抗体,并对检测结果进行统计分析。结果:主食血清食物特异性IgG抗体总阳性率为92.0%,辅食血清食物特异性IgG抗体总阳性率为52.7%;主食血清食物特异性IgG抗体阳性率从高到低依次为牛奶(71.5%)、鸡蛋(59.0%)、西红柿(51.1%)、小麦(36.1%)、鳕鱼(26.8%)和大豆(23.8%),辅食血清食物特异性IgG抗体阳性率从高到低依次为燕麦(22.2%)、芒果(19.9%)、橘子(18.0%)、菠萝(10.9%)和菠菜(8.3%);绝大多数主食和辅食血清食物特异性IgG抗体阳性率总体上无性别差异(P>0.05),主食血清食物特异性IgG抗体总阳性率婴儿组最低,辅食血清食物特异性IgG抗体总阳性率幼儿组最高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);6种高阳性率主食中,婴儿组牛奶IgG抗体阳性率最高为64.8%,幼儿组、学龄前儿童组及学龄儿童组鸡蛋IgG抗体阳性率最高,5种高阳性率辅食中,婴儿组燕麦IgG抗体阳性率最高,幼儿组、学龄前儿童组芒果IgG抗体阳性率最高;燕麦、小麦IgG抗体阳性率呈逐年递增的趋势。结论:佛山地区儿童食物不耐受现象较为普遍,关注婴儿牛奶、燕麦过敏,幼儿、学龄前儿童及学龄儿童鸡蛋过敏对儿童食物不耐受的诊断及个体化治疗有重要作用。

Objective: To explore the distribution characteristics of serum food-specific IgG antibodies in children in Foshan area to provide a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of food intolerance and related diseases.Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect serum-specific IgG antibodies of 14 kinds of staple foods and 14 kinds of complementary foods in 1 696 children with allergic or suspected allergic diseases, and the results were analyzed statistically.Results: The total positive rate of serum food-specific IgG antibodies of staple food was 92.0%, and of complementary food was 52.7%. The positive rates of serum food-specific IgG antibodies from high to low in stable foods group were milk (71.5%), eggs (59.0%), tomatoes (51.1%), wheat (36.1%), cod (26.8%), and soybean (23.8%),in complementary foods group were oat (22.2%), mango (19.9%), orange (18.0%), pineapple (10.9%), and spinach (8.3%). There was no gender difference in the positive rates of food-specific IgG antibodies in most staple foods and complementary foods (P>0.05). The total positive rate of staple food serum food-specific IgG antibodies was lowest in the infant group, and the total positive rate of complementary food serum food-specific IgG antibodies was highest in the toddler group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Among the 6 staple foods, the milk-specific IgG antibody had the highest positive rate in infant group, and egg-specific IgG antibody had the highest positive rate in toddler group, preschool child group and school age child group. Among the 5 complementary foods, the positive rate of oat in the infant group and of mango-specific IgG antibody was the highest in the toddler group and preschool child group. The positive rates of oat-specific and wheat-specific IgG antibody were increasing year by year.Conclusion: Food intolerance is more common among children in Foshan. Milk and oat allergies in baby and egg allergies in toddlers, preschoolers and school-age children play an important role in the diagnosis and individualized treatment of food intolerance in children.

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