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兔前交叉韧带内机械感受器的增龄性变化
作者:罗晓东1  温昱2  李彬1 
单位:1. 中国医科大学附属盛京医院 关节运动医学外科, 辽宁 沈阳 110022;
2. 中国医科大学 组织胚胎学教研室, 辽宁 沈阳 110022
关键词:膝关节 前交叉韧带 机械感受器 本体感觉 免疫荧光 
分类号:R684.3
出版年·卷·期(页码):2020·48·第二期(155-161)
摘要:

目的: 观察不同年龄健康兔前交叉韧带(ACL)内机械感受器的分布、形态及数量变化,探究这种变化的增龄性规律。方法: 18只新西兰白兔按兔龄分6组(分别是:1周、6周、3月、6月、1年和2年,每组3只),将所有兔子经耳缘静脉空气栓塞处死,切下ACL的股骨、胫骨附着点,获取整条韧带,制作冰冻切片。分别采用HE染色、S-100免疫荧光染色和NF-160免疫荧光染色,通过光学显微镜、激光共聚焦显微镜和计算机图像分析系统,观察得到各组机械感受器的形态、分布及数量。结果: 在兔ACL中共存在5种机械感受器,分别是Ruffini小体、Pacinian小体、Golgi类腱体、游离神经末梢,以及不典型的机械感受器。6组实验动物36个标本共1 008张切片,共发现339个机械感受器,其中有168个Ruffini小体、89个Pacinian小体、42个Golgi类腱体以及40个不典型机械感受器结构。机械感受器大多分布在ACL胫骨、股骨附丽点附近滑膜中。从总数来说,各组之间差异显著(P<0.001);两两比较发现,3个月和6个月机械感受器总数最多,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余各组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论: 兔ACL中游离神经末梢最为多见,其次是Ruffini小体,再次为Pacinian小体以及Golgi类腱体。机械感受器总数随年龄逐渐增加,在3月组数量达到峰值,6月组与3月组数量相似,1年组以及2年组数量明显下降。

Objective: To explore the aging changes regularity of the distribution, morphology and quantity of mechanoreceptors in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of healthy rabbit. Methods: Complete ACL longitudinal frozen section was collected from 18 New Zealand white rabbits who were sacrificed by air embolization of auricular veins. The rabbits were divided into 6 groups according to the age (1 week, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years, 3 rabbits in each group). After H E staining, S-100 and NF-160 immunofluorescence labeling, the morphology, type, and quantity of the mechanoreceptors were observed under optical microscope, laser confocal microscope and computer image analysis system. Results: There are five kinds of mechanoreceptors in rabbit ACL, namely Ruffini corpuscle, Pacinian corpuscle, Golgi tendon body, free nerve endings and atypical mechanoreceptors. A total of 339 mechanoreceptors were found in all 1 008 sections of 6 groups, including 168 Ruffini bodies, 89 Pacini bodies, 42 Golgi tendon bodies and 40 atypical mechanoreceptors. Most mechanoreceptors were distributed in synovium near tibia and femur of ACL. In terms of total number, there was significant difference among the groups (P<0.001). Comparing each two groups, the total number of mechanoreceptors at 3 and 6 months was the largest with no significant difference (P>0.05), and there was a significant difference among the other groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Free nerve endings are the most common in ACL, followed by Ruffini body, Pacinian body and Golgi tendon body. The total number of mechanoreceptors increases with age, reaching a peak in 3 months group, similar to that of the 6 months group, and decreases significantly in the one year group and the two year group.

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