随着越来越多的未成年人参加有组织的竞技运动，这些年龄组的前十字韧带损伤（ACL）发生率有所增加。未成年人ACL损伤的治疗是一个挑战，因为重建必须保护股骨远端和胫骨近端的骨骺以避免生长障碍。过去，对骨骼未发育成熟的ACL损伤患者给予佩戴支具及限制活动，直到骨骼成熟再行重建，仅对那些有膝关节不稳定的患者行重建治疗。然而，大量研究表明延迟重建可能会增加半月板和关节软骨损伤的风险。因此，早期重建有利于保护半月板及关节软骨并使患者恢复以往的运动。为了应对未成年患者对ACL重建技术日益增长的需求，已经开发了全骨骺保护和部分骨骺保护等技术。除了手术技术的进步外，ACL损伤的预防及术后康复也受到关注。对ACL损伤预防的兴趣的增长，很大程度上与未成年人无论是ACL移植物还是对侧ACL再次撕裂的高风险有关。近期研究表明，精心设计的神经肌肉训练计划可以降低原发性和继发性ACL损伤的风险，同时恰当的康复治疗也至关重要。

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