骨质疏松症是骨量减少、骨退行性病变的全身性疾病，目前防治骨质疏松症的药物主要有促进骨形成药物、抑制骨吸收药物以及矿化药物等，但均具有副作用多、靶向性低等缺点。中药类制剂在防治骨质疏松症方面具有副作用较小、疗效较好等特点。近年来研究发现，黄连素对治疗骨质疏松症、调控成骨细胞等具有积极的作用。作者通过检索相关文献，综述黄连素对成骨细胞和破骨细胞的作用及其机制的研究进展，为相关研究提供借鉴。

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