目的：探究踝关节旋后位骨折患儿骨折损伤特点及手术治疗措施。方法：选取我院踝关节旋后位骨折患儿100例，旋后内收型损伤61例，旋后外旋型损伤36例，特殊类型损伤3例；在旋后内收型损伤中，Odgen Ⅶ型骨折58例，Salter HarrisⅠ型3例；在旋后外旋型损伤中，三平面骨折30例，Tillaux骨折6例。手术治疗41例，保守治疗59例。结果：治疗后，患儿获得1～2年、平均（1.6±0.3）年的随访：无骨折畸形、骨折不愈等发生；患儿AOFAS踝-后足评分为86～100分，平均（94±3）分。结论：在旋后内收型损伤中，骺板接近愈合者常引起Salter HarrisⅠ或Ⅱ型骨折，而未闭合者常引起Odgen Ⅶ型骨折。旋后外旋型常引起三平面骨折和Tillaux骨折。根据患儿具体情况，准确评估伤情及妥善复位固定是提高预后及降低并发症的重要保障。

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