新生儿PICC导管相关感染的危险因素分析及护理对策-现代医学

新生儿PICC导管相关感染的危险因素分析及护理对策

单位：南京医科大学第一附属医院新生儿病区, 江苏南京 210036

分类号：R473.72

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2017·36·第六期（872-875）

摘要：

目的：探究新生儿PICC导管相关感染的科技危险因素分析及护理对策。方法：选取2012年4月至2015年4月于我院实施外周静脉置入中心静脉导管（PICC）术的新生儿180例，回顾性分析其中合并感染的26例新生儿的临床病例资料。探讨分析孕妇年龄、是否患有妊娠高血压综合征等孕妇产道情况以及胎儿出生时的体质量、性别、胎龄等胎儿基本情况能否成为诱发导管相关性感染（CRI）的危险因素，并针对患儿产生的并发症实施有效的护理干预，以加快患儿的恢复。结果：诊断为CRI的新生儿共有26例，CRI发生率为14.4%（26/180），6.0/1000导管日（26/4355）；对孕妇产道危险因素进行对比分析，发现分娩孕周的长短与CRI的是否发生关系密切（P<0.05）；对胎儿基本情况进行对比分析，结果显示患儿的胎龄、出生时的体重、性别、置管时间、罹患呼吸窘迫综合征均可作为诱发CRI的危险因素（P<0.05）。结论：在本院收治的患儿中，胎儿早产、出生时体重偏低、置管时间过长等均可成为诱发CRI的危险因素。同时，我科通过对发生CRI的新生儿进行规范有效的护理干预，加速了患儿的康复，并取得了较好的临床疗效。

Objective: To explore on the risk factors and nursing care of catheter-related infection of neonates with PICC. Methods: 180 neonates were received with PICC in our hospital from April 2012 to April 2015, and 26 of whom were selected as the clinical research objects. Whether the age of pregnant women, pregnant women with pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome and the weight of neonatal, gender, gestational age and fetal basic situation could be catheter related infections (CRI) risk factors was explored, and effective nursing interventions were taken when we found that the neonates had significant complications, thus to speed up the recovery. Results: Among 180 infants undergoing PICC,26 infants suffered CRI, the incidence of CRI was 14.4% (26/180), with a 6.2 per 1000 central line days incidence (26/4355);When compared the risk factors of pregnant women's birth canal, we concluded that the length of the gestational weeks was closely associated with CRI (P<0.05); We also compared the basic situation of these infants. Interestingly, we found that the gestational age, birth weight, gender, the time of insertion,complicated with respiratory distress syndrome were all obvious risk factors of CRI (P<0.05). Conclusion: In our study, we concluded that the premature birth, low birth weight and lengthy insertion of the catheter all can be CRI risk factors. At the same time, we also did effective nursing intervention once the neonates had significant complications to speed up the recovery and to achieve good clinical effect.

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