Abstract:【Objective】To explore the changes of leptin and interleukin-6（IL-6） levels as well as its meaning in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).【Methods】To choose 27 patients with OSAHS as the observed group(OSAHS group), 28 obesity patients as the control group. To monitor the process of seven-hour-sleeping by Polysomnography(PSG) and venous blood was drawn for measuring the serum leptin and IL-6 level with radioimmunoassay the next morning. 【Results】 (1)The leptin level of the OSAHS group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01); (2)The IL-6 level of the OSAHS group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01); (3) The leptin level of the OSAHS group was positively related to BMI（r=0.915, P<0.01） and neck circumference（r=0.907, P<0.01）, AHI（r=0.398, P<0.05）, but had nothing to do with the lowest SaO2 ; The IL-6 level of the OSAHS group was positively related to BMI（r=0.633, P<0.01） and neck circumference（r=0.682, P<0.01）, AHI（r=0.693, P<0.01）, negatively related to the lowest SaO2 （r=-0. 683, P<0.01）; (4) The leptin level of the OSAHS group was positively related to that of the IL-6（r=0.690, P<0.01）. 【Conclusion】(1) Both the leptin and IL-6 level of the patients with OSHAS were not only higher than those of the healthy people, but also related to their severity of disease. (2) The leptin level was possibly related to that of IL-6 of the patients with OSHAS.