Objective To study the characteristics of percutaneous dilational tracheostomy(PDT)and traditional tracheotomy. Methods A retrospective analysis of intensive care unit(ICU)in critica lly ill patients tracheotomy total of 72 cases，including percutaneous dilational tracheostomy group(PDT group)41 cases，conventional surgical tracheostomy group(ST group)31 cases．We compared operation incision size, operative time，blood loss，early and late complication rate．Results PDT group compared with ST group complications were significantly reduced．Results：In group PDT，complications such as the time of operation，length of incision，amount of bleeding，intraoperative hypoxemia, incision infection, incision overflow sputum of destructive were obviously lower than those of the ST group． It has significant difference(P