Objective：To detect the serum albumin, adiponecltin, tumor necrosis factor-a, to analyse the relationship between serum albumin, adiponecltin and tumor necrosis factor-a, to explore the effects of the hypoalbuminemia on the adiponecltin and inflammatory state in peritoneal dialysis patients. Methods:The selected 86 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients were categorized into 3 groups: normal group(A), lower group(B) and healthy control group(C) according to the cut-off value of the serum albumin 35g/L. The levels of adiponecltin and tumor necrosis factor-a were detected. Results:There was no significant difference as respect to BMI in 3 groups (p>0.05). Group A and group B had higher levels of diponecltin and tumor necrosis factor-ａthan group C (p<0.01). Group B had lower adiponecltin level and higher tumor necrosis factor-ａlevel than group A, respectively (p<0.01). Correlated analysis showed that the level of serum albumin in peritoneal dialysis patients was positively correlated with adiponecltin (r=0.49, p<0.01),and was negatively correlated with tumor necrosis factor-a; the level of adiponecltin in peritoneal dialysis patients was negatively correlated with tumor necrosis factor-a (r=-0.56, p<0.01). Conclusions: Hypoalbuminemia resulted from malnutrition in peritoneal dialysis patients can aggravate the inflammatory state and decrease the level of serum albumin, which might be one of the reasons for the MIA syndrome that occurred in this kind of patients.