Objective To explore the clinical diagnosis and surgical treatment of spinal canal neurilemmoma.Methods Tweenty cases of spinal canal neurilemmoma were retrospective analysis from June 2004 to March 2010.All characteristics of the cases were recorded and analyzed carefully,including the clinical manifestation,the radiculopathy document and the neural function.Results During the follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 30 months,no recurrence of the tumor was found.All patients had obviously the restoration of neurological function. Conclusion MRI is the most important diagnostic methods of spinal canal neurilemmoma currently.The patient will get a good clinical result,if early diagnosis and operation can be conducted.