目的：比较人工周期（artificial cycle，AC）和自然周期（natural cycle，NC）冻融胚胎移植后孕产妇围产期并发症及新生儿情况。方法：采用回顾性队列研究设计，分析2018年1月至2019年5月间进行冻融胚胎移植并最终活产分娩的孕妇及新生儿的临床资料。本研究共183个周期，其中AC组143例，NC组40例。比较AC组和NC组孕妇的围产期并发症和新生儿缺陷等相关指标。结果：AC组和NC组孕妇的年龄差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；AC组单胎和多胎的母亲患妊娠期高血压疾病的风险与NC组相比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。AC组孕妇分娩孕周、剖宫产率、妊娠期糖尿病、多胎、宫颈机能不全、胎儿宫内窘迫、孕妇B族链球菌（GBS）感染、肝功能损害、甲状腺功能异常、胎膜早破、胎盘早剥、胎盘前置、胎盘粘连、羊水过多或羊水过少、产妇入ICU、产后出血等发生率与NC组比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；AC组与NC组比较，新生儿并发症（包括新生儿窒息、呼吸窘迫综合征、高胆红素血症、低体重儿等）发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），新生儿入ICU发生率差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；两组新生儿缺陷（包括心脏畸形、消化道畸形、泌尿系统畸形、膈疝等）发生率比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：与NC组相比，AC组孕妇围产期并发症及新生儿情况无明显差异，但新生儿入ICU发生率高。

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